Refrigerant charging, methods and testing

Finally, we come to the most interesting moment in the work of a refrigerator. Refilling a household refrigerator with refrigerant is a ritual similar to an occult rite for many ordinary people. But in fact, there is nothing complicated about it if you know the three basic rules.
Пайка каппилярной трубки холодильника.jpg
Пайка каппилярной трубки холодильника.jpg

Rule No. 1 - Pressure

Without knowing the pressure, it is impossible to say how processes occur in the circuit. Of course, you can understand by temperature, but you cannot check the permeability of the capillary tube by temperature (turn off the running compressor and watch how quickly the pressure changes, normally 5-10 minutes).

Rule No. 2 - Temperature

The main parameter for which the whole process takes place, including repairs. Here it is worth knowing a simple rule of nature: “If somewhere is hot, then somewhere is cold,” since our refrigerator is a closed system, we can conclude that when the condenser is heated, the evaporator cools. Therefore, when refueling, it is most often enough to measure only the uniformity of temperature distribution along the condenser circuit from 55 to 45 degrees, i.e. the drop should be 10 degrees. And if at the beginning it is 65 degrees, and the filter drier is 35 degrees, then you need to look at the permeability of the circuit and the filling rate.

It is important that the return pipe should be slightly above the condensation temperature. If there is an overdose of refrigerant, it means that the return line and puddles under the refrigerator will freeze. Perhaps it will not turn off, since the high pressure on the “suction” (low pressure) line will not allow the temperature to drop to -23 degrees.
Процесс заправки фреоном холодильника.jpg

Rule No. 3 - Weight

The third pillar in refilling the refrigerator, which greatly influences the correct operation and the number of defects in the work. Indication of filling standards is a mandatory item on the refrigerator tag (see the side wall of the refrigerator compartment). It is charging with an accuracy of 1g that is needed when working with modern types of R600 refrigerant, since its charging rates are very small and much lower than that of R134 and even more so than that of R12.


R12 (10-15 PSI)
R134a (5-10 PSI)
R600a (-2..-8 PSI)


Another important parameter is the current consumed by the compressor during operation. But this is a less significant parameter, and often it is enough to know that this value should not exceed 1 ampere.

Attention!!! The data was determined experimentally and may differ on individual models.


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